This time, there are no fundamental changes like a transition to Upstart. The biggest difference is in the kernel - you get 2.6.35 instead of 2.6.32. If you keep an eye on kernel development (eg. on Linux Weekly News), you know there were much code cleanup and new drivers. No major redesign though.
Ubuntu now supports LUSTRE - a cluster file system that's used in the places like my datacenter. It promises high performance and reliability. It also usualy fails to deliver them, especially if not configured by experienced admins. I'm not going to run a LUSTRE server in a predictable future, but I might need a client.
Development tools were also updated. The GCC suite is now 4.5 - this version contains two major new features:
- Link-time opimization that produces faster binaries,
- A plugin architecture, something that GCC developers avoided for years.
There are also LLVM 2.7 and 2.8. Both versions were significant steps. LLVM 2.7 is a first edition that can compile itself (a sure sign of compiler's maturity). LLVM 2.8, in addition to other improvements, comes with DragonEgg - a GCC plugins that let's you use GCC front-end with LLVM optimizers and code generators. If you don't know what's all the fuss about LLVM, read their website or at least Wikipedia page. It's way too complicated and important to summarize. Suffice to say it allowed for real progress in research on compilation techniques, it's integral part of Apple's operating systems and it inspired notable improvements in other compilers.
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